Hypospadias is a birth defect particularly on males in which the opening of the urethra (or the tube through which urine passes) is not located at the tip of the penis as it should be. Hypospadias is one of the most common birth defects. The etiology remains unknown, except for in a small number of cases where it can be attributed to specific defects in either androgen metabolism for the androgen receptor (a DNA binding transcription factor which regulates gene expression).
The most common physical consequences of untreated hypospadias are difficulty urinating while standing, and a distinctive appearance of the penis, with a “mushroom” shaped head, and
a distinctive “hood” of skin instead of a foreskin. The single reason for dissatisfaction in hypospadias group was smaller penile size.
The erectile problems in hypospadias may be attributed to surgically correctable and noncorrectable causes. More commonly encountered correctable causes include persistent chordee, torsion, inadequate cosmetic outcome, etc. Commonest surgically uncorrectable cause is the size of the penis.
Inability to achieve satisfactory ejaculation. Problems reported include weak or dribbling ejaculation, having to milk out ejaculate after orgasm, quantity of semen passing after intercourse, anejaculation with or without orgasm, etc.
Men who had hypospadias during childhood were less likely to live with a partner and that they had fewer children. There was no significant difference in sexual and social life. Almost the same proportions reported that they were not inhibited in seeking sexual contacts. All participants reported exclusive heterosexual orientation and they were mostly satisfied with their body image.
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